Why mould forms and how dangerous it is
Mould develops when there is:
- High humidity (condensation, water ingress, hidden leaks).
- Poor ventilation (rooms that are not aired, bathrooms without windows).
- Inadequate insulation (thermal bridges, cold walls).
Risks:
- Health: allergies, respiratory problems, asthma and skin irritation.
- The home: damage to finishes, a persistent smell, and permanent stains on walls and furniture.
Visible and hidden signs of mould
- Black or greenish spots on walls, in corners or on ceilings.
- Peeling wallpaper or paint.
- A persistent damp smell.
- Condensation on windows.
- Recurring health problems (coughing, sneezing, unexplained allergies).
Quick removal methods (surface cleaning)
- Water and a mild detergent – for superficial stains.
- Rubbing alcohol (70%) – wipe small areas of “fresh” mould.
- White vinegar – spray onto surfaces; it acts as a natural antifungal.
- Baking soda – absorbs moisture and prevents recurrence.
⚠️ These solutions clean the surface, but do not address the main cause (humidity).
Natural anti-mould solutions
- White vinegar – spray on undiluted, leave for 1 hour, then wipe away.
- Tea tree essential oil – 2 teaspoons in 500 ml of water, sprayed on.
- Baking soda – an aqueous solution applied to stains.
- Hydrogen peroxide (3%) – applied with a spray bottle; effective on walls.
- Salt and warm water solution – mainly for prevention.
Chemical products and professional treatments
- Commercial anti-mould solutions (Ceresit Stop Mucegai, Savana, Kober, Sika).
- Washable paints with anti-mould additives – create a protective layer.
- Electric dehumidifiers – reduce humidity to 40–60%.
- Adhesives and sealants with antifungal protection – useful during renovations.
Repairs and work for serious cases
- Check the waterproofing of the roof and terrace.
- Repair water ingress from pipes or windows.
- Redo the thermal insulation of walls with polystyrene/XPS to eliminate thermal bridges.
- Install mechanical ventilation with heat recovery in bathrooms/kitchens.
- Apply special hydraulic lime plasters (with natural antifungal properties).
How to prevent mould from returning
- Air rooms every day (for 5–10 minutes).
- Do not dry laundry indoors without ventilation or a dehumidifier.
- Keep humidity at 40–60% (a simple hygrometer can help).
- Do not place furniture directly against cold walls.
- Refresh paint periodically with anti-mould solutions.
- Install windows with integrated ventilation.
Quick checklist for a mould-free home
- Daily ventilation
- A working dehumidifier
- A constant temperature (20–22°C)
- Anti-mould paint when renovating
- Check for water ingress every 6–12 months
- Keep furniture away from walls
Frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Q1: Is vinegar enough to get rid of mould permanently?
No. It helps remove superficial stains, but the source of moisture must also be eliminated.
For more information about mould, see also How to Get Rid of Mould in Your Home for Good – Complete 2026 Guide, which offers complementary details on this topic.
Q2: What is the ideal humidity level in a home?
Between 40–60%. Below 40%, the air becomes too dry; above 60%, there is a risk of mould.
Q3: Is a dehumidifier necessary?
If the home has persistent humidity problems, yes. It is particularly helpful in bathrooms, basements and bedrooms.
Q4: Can I clean mould without a mask?
No. Mould spores are hazardous to health. Wear a mask and gloves, and ventilate the room.
Q5: If I paint over mould, will it disappear?
No. The mould will reappear through the layer of paint. First clean and treat the walls.
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